Bioinformatics Mcqs

Page No. 67

Which of the following is a wrong statement regarding the conventional determination of open reading frames?


aWithout the use of specialized programs, prokaryotic gene identification can rely on manual determination of ORFs and major signals related to prokaryotic genes

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bProkaryotic DNA is first subject to conceptual translation in all six possible frames, two frames forward and four frames reverse

✓


cA stop codon occurs in about every twenty codons by chance in a noncoding region

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dProkaryotic DNA is first subject to conceptual translation in all six possible frames, three frames forward and three frames reverse

✖


View Answer Prokaryotic DNA is first subject to conceptual translation in all six possible frames, two frames forward and four frames reverse

There are ____ possible stop codons, identification of which is straightforward.


afive

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b two

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cten

✖


dthree

✓


View Answer three

Shine-Delgarno sequence, which is a stretch of purine-rich sequence complementary to 16S rRNA in the ribosome.


aTrue

✓


bFalse

✖


ceither true and false

✖


dnone of these

✖


View Answer True

The presence of these codons at The beginning of the frame _____ give a clear indication of the translation initiation site.


aalways

✖


b does not necessarily

✓


c does not

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dnever

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View Answer does not necessarily

In bacteria, the majority of genes have a start codon ATG (orAUG in mRNA; because prediction is done at the DNA level, T is used in place of U), which codes for methionine.


aTrue

✓


bFalse

✖


ceither true and false

✖


dnone of these

✖


View Answer True

Which of the following is a wrong statement?


aProkaryotes include bacteria and Archaea

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bProkaryotes have relatively large genomes

✓


cProkaryotes have relatively small genomes

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dIn Prokaryotes, The gene density in the genomes is high, with more than 90% of a genome sequence containing coding sequence

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View Answer Prokaryotes have relatively large genomes

Which of the following is untrue about Prediction Using Discriminant Analysis for Gene Prediction?


aQDA draws a curved line based on a quadratic function

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bLDA works by drawing a diagonal line that best separates coding signals from noncoding signals based on knowledge learned from training data sets of known gene structures

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cSome gene prediction algorithms rely on discriminant analysis, either LDA or quadratic discriminant analysis (QDA), to improve accuracy

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dLDA works by plotting a three-dimensional graph of coding signals versus all potential 3’ splice site positions

✓


View Answer LDA works by plotting a three-dimensional graph of coding signals versus all potential 3’ splice site positions

GRAIL is a web-based program that is based on a neural network algorithm Which is trained on several statistical features such as splice junctions, start and stop codons, poly-A sites, promoters, and CpG islands.


aTrue

✓


bFalse

✖


ceither true and false

✖


dnone of the mentioned

✖


View Answer True

Which of the following is untrue about Prediction Using Neural Networks for Gene Prediction?


aA neural network is constructed with multiple layers; the input, output, and hidden layers

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bThe input is the gene sequence with intron and exon signals

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cThe model is not fed with a sequence of known gene structure

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dThe output is the probability of an exon structure

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View Answer The model is not fed with a sequence of known gene structure

Which of the following is untrue about PredictionUsing NeuralNetworks for Gene Prediction?


aA neural network is a statistical model with a special architecture for pattern recognition and classification

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bIt is composed of a network of mathematical variables

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cThey resembles ab initio approaches

✓


dThe variables in NeuralNetworks resemble the biological nervous system, with variables or nodes connected by weighted functions that are analogous to synapses

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View Answer They resembles ab initio approaches

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